Niki insinga 8 ziri mumurongo wa Ethernet zikora

VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) ni tekinoroji yitumanaho igabanya LAN yumubiri mubice byinshi byogutangaza. Buri VLAN ni indangarubuga yerekana aho abashyitsi bashobora kuvugana bitaziguye, mugihe itumanaho hagati ya VLAN zitandukanye. Nkigisubizo, ubutumwa bwo gutangaza bugarukira kuri VLAN imwe.

Ibirimo

· Impamvu VLAN ikenewe
·VLAN na Subnet
·VLAN Tag na ID VLAN
·Ubwoko bwa VLAN Imigaragarire hamwe na VLAN Tagi yo Gukoresha
·Ikoreshwa rya Scenarios ya VLANs
·Ibibazo hamwe na VLANs mubidukikije

Impamvu VLAN ikenewe

Imiyoboro ya mbere ya Ethernet yari tekinoroji yo guhuza amakuru ishingiye kuri CSMA / CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection) yakoresheje uburyo bwitumanaho risangiwe. Iyo umubare wabatumirwa wiyongereye, byatumye habaho kugongana gukomeye, gutangaza umuyaga, kwangirika kwimikorere, ndetse no guhagarika imiyoboro. Nubwo guhuza LAN ukoresheje ibikoresho bya Layeri 2 bishobora gukemura ibibazo byo kugongana, ntibyashoboye gutandukanya ubutumwa bwamamaza no kuzamura ireme ryurusobe. Ibi byatumye habaho iterambere rya tekinoroji ya VLAN, igabanya LAN muri VLAN nyinshi zumvikana; buri VLAN ihagarariye indangarubuga, itanga itumanaho muri VLAN nkaho ari LAN mugihe ikumira itumanaho hagati ya VLAN no gufunga ubutumwa bwamamaza muri VLAN.

Icyitegererezo 1: Uruhare rwa VLAN

Rero, VLANs ifite ibyiza bikurikira:

· Kugabanya imiyoboro ya Broadcasting: Imiyoboro ya Broadcasting igarukira muri VLAN, ikomeza umurongo mugari no kongera ubushobozi bwo gutunganya imiyoboro.
· Kuzamura umutekano wa LAN: Ubutumwa buva muri VLAN zitandukanye bwitaruye mugihe cyo kohereza, bivuze ko abakoresha muri VLAN imwe badashobora kuvugana nabakoresha muyindi VLAN.
· Kwiyongera k'urusobe rukomeye: Amakosa agarukira kuri VLAN imwe, bityo ibibazo biri muri VLAN imwe ntibibangamira imikorere isanzwe yizindi VLAN.
· Ubwubatsi bwa Virtual Workgroup Construction: VLANs irashobora kugabanya abakoresha mumatsinda atandukanye y'akazi, bigatuma abanyamuryango b'itsinda rimwe bakora badakumirwa ahantu runaka, bigatuma kubaka urusobe no kubungabunga byoroshye kandi byoroshye.

VLAN na Subnet

Mugukomeza kugabanya igice cyurusobe rwa aderesi ya IP muri subnets nyinshi, igipimo gito cyo gukoresha umwanya wa aderesi ya IP hamwe no gukomera kwa aderesi ya IP ebyiri. Bisa na VLANs, subnets irashobora kandi gutandukanya itumanaho hagati yabakiriye. Abashitsi ba VLAN zitandukanye ntibashobora kuvugana muburyo butaziguye, nkuko abashyitsi muri subnets zitandukanye badashobora. Ariko, nta nzandiko zandikirana zombi.

VLAN	Subnet
Itandukaniro	Byakoreshejwe kugabanya Imirongo 2.
	Nyuma yo gushiraho interineti ya VLAN, abakoresha muri VLAN zitandukanye barashobora kuvugana gusa mugihe inzira yashizweho.
	VLANs zigera kuri 4094 zirashobora gusobanurwa; umubare wibikoresho muri VLAN ntabwo bigarukira.
Isano	Muri VLAN imwe, subnets imwe cyangwa nyinshi zirashobora gusobanurwa.

VLAN Tag na ID VLAN

Kugirango ushoboze guhinduranya gutandukanya ubutumwa na VLAN zitandukanye, umurima ugaragaza amakuru ya VLAN ugomba kongerwaho ubutumwa. Porotokole ya IEEE 802.1Q yerekana ko tagi ya 4-byte ya VLAN (izwi ku izina rya VLAN Tag) yongerwa kumurongo wa data ya Ethernet kugirango umenye amakuru ya VLAN.

Umwanya wa VID mumiterere yamakuru yerekana VLAN ikadiri yamakuru; ikadiri yamakuru irashobora koherezwa gusa muri VLAN yagenwe. Umwanya wa VID uhagarariye indangamuntu ya VLAN, ishobora kuva kuri 0 kugeza 4095. Kubera ko 0 na 4095 zabitswe na protocole, intera yemewe yindangamuntu ya VLAN ni 1 kugeza 4094. ibikoresho bimwe (nkabakoresha host na seriveri) bihujwe na switch gusa wohereze kandi wakire amakadiri gakondo ya Ethernet adafite tagi ya VLAN.

Kubwibyo, kugirango uhuze nibi bikoresho, guhinduranya interineti bigomba kumenya amakadiri ya Ethernet gakondo hanyuma ukongeramo cyangwa wambura tagi ya VLAN mugihe cyo kohereza. Ikirangantego cya VLAN cyongeweho gihuye na interineti isanzwe ya VLAN (Port Default VLAN ID, PVID).

Ubwoko bwa VLAN Imigaragarire hamwe na VLAN Tagi yo Gukoresha

Mumurongo wubu, abakoresha ba VLAN imwe barashobora guhuzwa na sisitemu zitandukanye, kandi harashobora kuba VLAN nyinshi zinyura kumurongo. Niba ukoresha itumanaho rikenewe, intera iri hagati yabahindura igomba kuba ishobora kumenya no kohereza amakadiri yamakuru kuva muri VLAN nyinshi icyarimwe. Ukurikije ibintu bihujwe nuburyo amakadiri atunganywa, hari ubwoko butandukanye bwimikorere ya VLAN kugirango ihuze imiyoboro itandukanye hamwe.

Shakisha igisubizo cya ELV

Umugozi wo kugenzura

Kuri BMS, BUS, Inganda, Umugozi wibikoresho.

Kanda Hano

Sisitemu ya Cabling Sisitemu

Umuyoboro & Data, Fibre-Optic Cable, Patch Cord, Modules, Faceplate

Kanda Hano

2024 Imurikagurisha & Gusubiramo ibyabaye

Mata.16-18, 2024 Hagati-Uburasirazuba-Ingufu i Dubai

SA. N32

Mata.16-18, 2024 Securika i Moscou

Inzu.8 - D4041

Gicurasi 9, 2024 IBICURUZWA BISHYA & TECHNOLOGIES BITANGIRA IBIKORWA muri Shanghai

Ibiti bibiri by HILTON - 2F - Icyumba cy'inama

Ukwakira.22-25, 2024 UMUTEKANO W’UMUTEKANO I Pekin

E3.B29

Ugushyingo.19-20, 2024 ISI IHUYE KSA

D50

Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2024